Pregnancy: Taking Care of Your Teeth and Gums

When you are pregnant, you have a lot of things to think about to keep yourself and your baby healthy. If you take good care of your teeth and gums and try to see a dentist, then you can check one more item off your list.

A healthy mouth—and good dental habits—helps prevent cavities and other dental problems, keeps your teeth strong, and could benefit your baby too. Brush, floss, and try to limit sugary foods and drinks.

When you get the right vitamins and nutrients, it is also good for your baby's teeth, which begin to form before birth. And remember that it's safe—and a good idea—to visit the dentist during your pregnancy.

What changes in the mouth during pregnancy?

When you are pregnant, you might notice some changes in your mouth. These changes are normal and should go away after your baby is born. For example, pregnancy hormones can make your teeth feel a little loose.

You also have more blood flow to the mucous membranes of the mouth and gums when you are pregnant. This may cause bleeding in the gums, especially when you brush your teeth. Your gums may be more swollen than usual, and may be tender to the touch. Try using a toothbrush with soft bristles.

"I was not sure about going to see my dentist while I was pregnant, but I already had my 6-month appointment scheduled. So I went and it was fine. The hygienist cleaned my teeth very gently and the dentist talked to me about how to take care of the baby's gums and teeth. I feel as if I'm passing on a good habit to my baby even before she's born." —Franny

If you have morning sickness or digestive problems like reflux, stomach acid in your mouth can weaken your teeth. This may make them feel more sensitive and makes cavities more likely. Regular brushing can help. Keep brushing gently, even if your teeth feel more sensitive or your gums bleed.

How can you care for your teeth during pregnancy?

Here are some things you can do to keep your teeth and gums healthy:

  • Keep brushing your teeth twice a day and try to floss once a day. It's fine to use toothpaste with fluoride in it while you are pregnant. Fluoride helps prevent tooth decay.
  • If you gag when brushing, try using a toothbrush with a smaller head or toothpaste that doesn't foam when you brush.
  • You should also eat a balanced, nutritious diet and get the right amount of vitamins and minerals. You may have cravings for sugary snacks and drinks, but too much sugar can lead to cavities.
  • If you have reflux or morning sickness, rinse out your mouth. Try rinsing with a mixture of one teaspoon of baking soda in a cup of water. Wait at least 20 minutes before brushing. You might also ask your doctor if you can take over-the-counter medicine for reflux. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.
  • Do not smoke when you are pregnant or allow others to smoke around you. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor about stop-smoking programs and medicines. These can increase your chances of quitting for good.
  • Regular visits to your dentist during pregnancy are important to prevent problems.
    • Tell your dentist that you are pregnant.
    • Dental X-rays and local anesthesia are generally safe during pregnancy.
    • Most dental work can be done while you are pregnant. If you go to the dentist during the second or third trimesters, you may be more comfortable sitting in a different position in the dental chair.
    • Delaying dental care can make a problem worse.

What about the cost?

It can be costly to go to the dentist if you don't have dental insurance. But it can cost even more if you have serious problems with your teeth and gums. Preventing dental problems before they start can save you money.

Don't be afraid to talk to the dentist or office manager about the costs and benefits of receiving regular dental care.

In some areas, the state health plan may cover free dental visits for some pregnant mothers and children. Ask your doctor or check with your state health plan if this might help you see a dentist while you are pregnant.